In this article let us see the reactions with various substances such as water, benzene, hydrochloric acid, oxygen, ammonia, alcohols, metals, acids and alkenes. In water reactions the group of organic reactions takes place as an emulsion in the water and exhibit the unusual reaction rate when compared to the dry media reaction. Enhanced reactivity found in cycloadditions and also organ catalytic Aldol reactions takes place in the presence of water. These reactions with water increase the acceleration rate.

There are several types of reactions with water or aqueous solution. When water acts as a solvent in the reaction then aqueous solution occurs and this has the abbreviation (aq). Three important types of reactions are precipitation, acid-base and oxidation-reduction. In the precipitation reaction, the anion and cat ion contact each other and the insoluble ionic compound precipitates out of the solution. For example, the aqueous solutions include silver nitrate, salt etc. In oxidation or red ox reaction the electrons are exchanged between two reactants. For example, the oxidation reactions with water includes hydrochloric acid and zinc metal.

The reactions with the hydrochloric acid act as the solution of hydrogen chloride in water. It is highly corrosive, strong mineral acid and has many industrial uses. The hydrochloric acid is found in the gastric acid. This was formed from the vitriol and common salt which is known as muriatic acid or spirits of salts. The reactions with hydrochloric acid are used in,

• Household cleaning,
• Production of gelatin,
• Leather processing.

The reactions with hydrochloric acid have many applications like pickling of steel, production of organic compounds, production of inorganic compounds and regeneration of ion exchangers. Oil production can be stimulated by injecting the hydrochloric acid into the rock formation of an oil well. The benzene is an organic chemical compound with molecular formula C6H6. It is a colorless and highly flammable liquid with the sweet smell and high melting point. The reactions with benzene are natural constituent of crude oil and are synthesized from other components like petroleum.

The reactions with benzene are used to prepare rubbers, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, explosives and pesticides. Today, toluene is used as the substitute for benzene and used in the experiment such as two-dimensional gas. The various reactions that take place are electrophilic aromatic substitution, sulfonation, nitration and hydrogenation. Also the reactions with benzene have serious health effects.

The reactions with air or oxygen include the simple reactions of various kinds of oxides. They are reactive metals which should be stored out of contact with the air to prevent oxidation. The various substances such as lithium, sodium and potassium are stored in oil and the rubidium is stored in sealed glass tubes to prevent the air. The different oxides are formed as you go down the group. They are: Lithium forms simple oxides such as X2O, Sodium forms peroxides like X2O2, Potassium, rubidium and cesium forms peroxides such as XO2. The reactions with dilute acids are more exothermic than the water and the solution contains salt and hydrogen peroxide.